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Search engine optimization (SEO) is the process of improving the volume and quality of traffic to a web site from search engines via “natural” search results. There are 2 (two) main factors of SEO: the on-page optimization and off-page optimization. I will try to explain these 2 factors in a brief description:

ON-PAGE OPTIMIZATION
BLOG ATTRIBUTE
You should be aware of these things when you try to build a blog or maximizing SEO of your blog :

1. Domain Name
Domain name is your blog URL address. Even it has some effort in SEO, nowadays domain name is not considered as main element of SEO. You don’t need to hunt for domain name with rich keywords. Consider to buy domain name which is short and easy to remember.

2. Blog Name
Blog name is quite important in SEO. You should enter the keywords of your blog in the blog name. Just remember, don’t put too long words in the blog name – make it 80 characters max.

3. Meta Tag
Meta tag is a short description of your blog and its keywords. Make it short, no more than 80 characters.

4. Design and layout
Most blog theme is already SEO-friendly. Just assure that the structure of content codes is placed on top of the other elements.

5. HTML Attribute
Heading structure H1, H2, or H3 is use to mark the importance of content’s title. It will give some value in SEO.

CONTENT ATTRIBUTE
You should be aware of these things when you are going to post an article into the blog :

1. Keywords
Keywords are word that became the main topic or ideas of the content. Keyword is very important in SEO. Search engine will give values based on the keywords of a post. The more relevant and good of the keywords, the more chance of search engine to optimize its search result.

2. Keywords Quantity
The quantity of keywords will be based on the length of the posting. At least you should put 2 – 5 keywords in an articles. Too much keywords will give negative impact, as the search engine will consider it as a spam content.

3. Keywords Variation
Instead of the quantity of the keywords, the keywords variation is another factor in SEO. Do not put the same keyword more than one in a posting. It will be better if you put synonym of the keyword of the article.

OFF-PAGE OPTIMIZATION

1. Backlink Quantity
Backlink is a link that came from another blog. The more quantity and quality of backlinks you get, will make a better impact in SERP (Search Engine Result Page).

2. Backlink Quality
Backlink with good quality has the following criteria :
- Came from a blog with similar topic
- Came from an authority blog (minimum PR 7)
- A one-way backlink
- Do not came from a link-farm

3. Natural backlink
Natural backlink is a link given to a blog which has following criteria :
- The link is put in a word (not in the blogroll)
- It’s a variation of keyword
- Link is not come from a same IP
- A deep linking (link in an article, not in the homepage)

Another points to consider :
1. Create a sitemap. You can use free tools from some website to build a sitemap for your site or blog. Otherwise, if you use WordPress you can download plugins to do this step automatically.

2. Choose a frequency of your posting. If you are too busy to make a daily posting, then you can choose to make a weekly posting.

3. Don’t be a copycat. Make a copy-paste content is something to avoid. Write your own unique article!

4. Don’t put invisible text. It is one of black hat methods. If the web crawler found this stuff in your blog, you will get penalty.

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